Madison Square Garden, ca. 1970.

The fourth iteration of Madison Square Garden was made possible by the demolition of the former Beaux-Arts Pennsylvania Station at Eighth Avenue and 34th Street, an event which catalyzed the city’s nascent preservation movement and led to the creation of the Landmarks Preservation Commission.

The cylindrical multi-purpose stadium opened in 1968, atop the below-ground portion of the train station, after five years of construction.